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Stainless Steel Alloy 416 | Product Properties, Composition & Machinability
Stainless steel alloy 416 is a free-machining martensitic grade containing about 13% chromium. It is characterized by its excellent machinability, making it the preferred choice for parts and components that require intricate machining operations. While alloy 416 offers good corrosion resistance in mild environments, it falls short compared to other stainless steel grades with higher chromium content. However, its high sulfur content may affect its weldability. Stainless steel alloy 416 finds extensive applications in industries such as firearms, gears, nuts, bolts, and fasteners, where its combination of machinability and moderate corrosion resistance is valued. Despite its limitations, alloy 416 remains a suitable option for specific applications that prioritize ease of machining over other properties.
Product Properties
Chemical
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Alloying Elements
Chromium: Most important element of stainless steel. An addition of 10% chromium will form an oxide film (passive surface film) which renders the steel corrosion resistant. Chromium also increases resistance to scaling.
Nickel: Second most important element. It increases ductility, corrosion resistance, scaling resistance, and high-temperature strength.
Silicon: Primarily increases resistance to scaling.
Manganese: Improves hot-working properties.
Molybdenum: Increases corrosion and high-temperature strength.
Sulfur-Phosphorus-Selenium: Increases machinability.
Titanium or Columbium-Tantalum: Stabilizes carbon and prevents chromium-carbide precipitation and subsequent intergranular corrosion.
Mechanical
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Physical
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Fabrication
Machinability ratings must be recognized as approximate values. They are a reasonable guide to relative tool life and power required for cutting. Variables of speed, cutting oil, feed, and depth of cut will significantly affect these ratios.
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*Based on Bessemer Screw Stock No. B1112
Machinability ratings must be recognized as approximate values. They are a reasonable guide to relative tool life and power required for cutting. Variables of speed, cutting oil, feed, and depth of cut will significantly affect these ratios.
Disclaimer: The data listed here are recommended starting points. Higher speeds and feeds may be obtainable based on the working environment. Keep in mind that speeds and feeds should always be adjusted in small steps. When using carbide tools; surface speed can be increased 2 to 3 times over the suggested values; feeds can be increased between 50 and 100%.
Characteristics
Free machining variation of Type 410 by virtue of added sulfur. Excellent machining properties.
Typical Uses
Structural supports, railings, and handles.
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