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Phosphor bronze C54400, nominally composed of 87.9% copper, 4.0% zinc, 4.0% tin, 4.0% lead, and 0.10% phosphorus, finds its primary application where strength and bearing properties are required, and, in addition, offers the corrosion resistant characteristic of the high tin phosphor bronzes. In particular, the alloy is noted for its stress corrosion cracking resistance and its high endurance limit. The high lead content makes it an extremely machinable alloy that is equaled by few in the wrought metal industry as a bearing alloy.

Characteristics

Hot Working

This alloy is not recommended for hot working due to its moderate tin and high lead content.

Cold Working

C54400 has good cold workability. When annealed, this alloy can be bent, formed, and cold worked. The lead content prevents severe cold working operations such as deep drawing from being successfully performed.

Joining

Joining by soldering is excellent and good by brazing. The lead content prevents successful welding.

Typical Uses

Typical applications include bushings, bearings, shafts, gears, pinions, thrust washers, valve parts and electrical connectors.


 

Product Properties

Chemical

Trade Name
Phosphor Bronze, B-2
Cu
Rem.
Fe
0.1
P
.01-.50
Pb
3.5-4.5
Sn
3.5-4.5
Zn
1.5-4.5

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Mechanical

Form
Flat Product
Rod
Rod
Flat Product
Size
Temper
Tensile Strength, ksi
Yield Strength, ksi
Elongation in 2 Inches, %
0.04
0.035
44
19
50
0.5
Hard (35%)
75
63
15
1
Hard (25%)
68
57
20
0.04
Half Hard
58
40
24

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Physical

Melting Point, Liquidus (°F)
1830
Melting Point, Solidus (°F)
Density, 68°F (Lb/In³)
Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion, 68 - 572°F (x 10⁻⁶/°F)
Thermal Conductivity, 68°F (Btu/Ft²/Ft/Hr/°F)
Electrical Conductivity, Annealed, 68°F (%IACS)
Specific Heat, 68°F (Btu/Lb/°F)
1700
0.321
9.6
50
19
0.09

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Fabrication

Machinability Rating (Free Cutting Brass = 100)
80
Soldering
Brazing
Oxyacetylene Welding
Gas Shielded Arc Welding
Coated Metal Arc Welding
Spot
Seam
Butt
E
G
NR
NR
Nr
NR
NR
F

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E = Excellent
G = Good
F = Fair
NR = Not Recommended

Machinability ratings must be recognized as approximate values. They are a reasonable guide to relative tool life and power required for cutting. Variables of speed, cutting oil, feed, and depth of cut will significantly affect these ratios.

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